请使用tf.saved_model.simple_save ，一些示例代码：

with tf.keras.backend.get_session() as sess:
    tf.saved_model.simple_save(
        sess,
        export_path,
        inputs={'input': keras_model.input},
        outputs={'output': keras_model.output})

===更新====

您可以使用as_a_saved_model ，示例代码：

saved_model_path = tf.contrib.saved_model.save_keras_model(model, "./saved_models")

Frozen_session方法工作正常。但是与保存到检查点文件相比，使用TensorFlow随附的freeze_graph工具对我来说似乎更简单，因为它更易于维护。您需要做的只是以下两个步骤：

首先，在您的model.fit(...)代码model.fit(...)之后添加并训练模型：

from keras import backend as K
import tensorflow as tf
print(model.output.op.name)
saver = tf.train.Saver()
saver.save(K.get_session(), '/tmp/keras_model.ckpt')

然后cd到您的TensorFlow根目录，运行：

python tensorflow/python/tools/freeze_graph.py \
--input_meta_graph=/tmp/keras_model.ckpt.meta \
--input_checkpoint=/tmp/keras_model.ckpt \
--output_graph=/tmp/keras_frozen.pb \
--output_node_names="<output_node_name_printed_in_step_1>" \
--input_binary=true

当您想转换为张量流时，有一个非常重要的观点。如果您使用辍学，批处理规范化或诸如此类的其他任何层（这些层不可训练但可计算值）， 则应更改keras后端的学习阶段 。这里是关于它的讨论 。

import keras.backend as K
k.set_learning_phase(0) # 0 testing, 1 training mode

这个解决方案对我有用。由https://medium.com/tensorflow/training-and-serving-ml-models-with-tf-keras-fd975cc0fa27提供

import tensorflow as tf

# The export path contains the name and the version of the model
tf.keras.backend.set_learning_phase(0) # Ignore dropout at inference
model = tf.keras.models.load_model('./model.h5')
export_path = './PlanetModel/1'

# Fetch the Keras session and save the model
# The signature definition is defined by the input and output tensors
# And stored with the default serving key
with tf.keras.backend.get_session() as sess:
    tf.saved_model.simple_save(
        sess,
        export_path,
        inputs={'input_image': model.input},
        outputs={t.name:t for t in model.outputs})

如果只希望模型用于推理，则应首先冻结图形，然后将其写为.pb文件。代码段如下所示（ 从此处借来的代码 ）：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.framework import graph_util
from tensorflow.python.framework import graph_io
import keras
from keras import backend as K

sess = K.get_session()

constant_graph = graph_util.convert_variables_to_constants(
        sess,
        sess.graph.as_graph_def(),
        ["name_of_the_output_graph_node"])

graph_io.write_graph(constant_graph, "path/to/output/folder", 
                     "output_model_name", as_text=False)

您可以使用keras_to_tensorflow工具执行上述操作： https : //github.com/amir-abdi/keras_to_tensorflow

keras_to_tensorflow工具负责上述操作，并提供一些额外的功能，可提供更多样化的解决方案。只需使用正确的输入参数（例如input_model和output_model标志）进行input_model output_model 。

如果要在tensorflow中重新训练模型，请使用上面的工具和output_meta_ckpt标志来导出检查点和元图。

以下简单示例（XOR示例）显示了如何导出Keras模型（以h5格式和pb格式），以及如何在Python和C ++中使用该模型：

train.py：

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf


def freeze_session(session, keep_var_names=None, output_names=None, clear_devices=True):
    """
    Freezes the state of a session into a pruned computation graph.

    Creates a new computation graph where variable nodes are replaced by
    constants taking their current value in the session. The new graph will be
    pruned so subgraphs that are not necessary to compute the requested
    outputs are removed.
    @param session The TensorFlow session to be frozen.
    @param keep_var_names A list of variable names that should not be frozen,
                          or None to freeze all the variables in the graph.
    @param output_names Names of the relevant graph outputs.
    @param clear_devices Remove the device directives from the graph for better portability.
    @return The frozen graph definition.
    """
    graph = session.graph
    with graph.as_default():
        freeze_var_names = list(set(v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()).difference(keep_var_names or []))
        output_names = output_names or []
        output_names += [v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()]
        input_graph_def = graph.as_graph_def()
        if clear_devices:
            for node in input_graph_def.node:
                node.device = ''
        frozen_graph = tf.graph_util.convert_variables_to_constants(
            session, input_graph_def, output_names, freeze_var_names)
        return frozen_graph


X = np.array([[0,0], [0,1], [1,0], [1,1]], 'float32')
Y = np.array([[0], [1], [1], [0]], 'float32')

model = tf.keras.models.Sequential()
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(64, input_dim=2, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))

model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam', metrics=['binary_accuracy'])

model.fit(X, Y, batch_size=1, nb_epoch=100, verbose=0)

# inputs:  ['dense_input']
print('inputs: ', [input.op.name for input in model.inputs])

# outputs:  ['dense_4/Sigmoid']
print('outputs: ', [output.op.name for output in model.outputs])

model.save('./xor.h5')

frozen_graph = freeze_session(tf.keras.backend.get_session(), output_names=[out.op.name for out in model.outputs])
tf.train.write_graph(frozen_graph, './', 'xor.pbtxt', as_text=True)
tf.train.write_graph(frozen_graph, './', 'xor.pb', as_text=False)

预测：

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf

model = tf.keras.models.load_model('./xor.h5')

# 0 ^ 0 =  [[0.01974997]]
print('0 ^ 0 = ', model.predict(np.array([[0, 0]])))

# 0 ^ 1 =  [[0.99141496]]
print('0 ^ 1 = ', model.predict(np.array([[0, 1]])))

# 1 ^ 0 =  [[0.9897714]]
print('1 ^ 0 = ', model.predict(np.array([[1, 0]])))

# 1 ^ 1 =  [[0.00406971]]
print('1 ^ 1 = ', model.predict(np.array([[1, 1]])))

opencv-predict.py：

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv


model = cv.dnn.readNetFromTensorflow('./xor.pb')

# 0 ^ 0 =  [[0.01974997]]
model.setInput(np.array([[0, 0]]), name='dense_input')
print('0 ^ 0 = ', model.forward(outputName='dense_4/Sigmoid'))

# 0 ^ 1 =  [[0.99141496]]
model.setInput(np.array([[0, 1]]), name='dense_input')
print('0 ^ 1 = ', model.forward(outputName='dense_4/Sigmoid'))

# 1 ^ 0 =  [[0.9897714]]
model.setInput(np.array([[1, 0]]), name='dense_input')
print('1 ^ 0 = ', model.forward(outputName='dense_4/Sigmoid'))

# 1 ^ 1 =  [[0.00406971]]
model.setInput(np.array([[1, 1]]), name='dense_input')
print('1 ^ 1 = ', model.forward(outputName='dense_4/Sigmoid'))

预报.cpp：

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    cv::dnn::Net net;

    net = cv::dnn::readNetFromTensorflow("./xor.pb");

    // 0 ^ 0 = [0.018541215]
    float x0[] = { 0, 0 };
    net.setInput(cv::Mat(1, 2, CV_32F, x0), "dense_input");
    std::cout << "0 ^ 0 = " << net.forward("dense_4/Sigmoid") << std::endl;

    // 0 ^ 1 = [0.98295897]
    float x1[] = { 0, 1 };
    net.setInput(cv::Mat(1, 2, CV_32F, x1), "dense_input");
    std::cout << "0 ^ 1 = " << net.forward("dense_4/Sigmoid") << std::endl;

    // 1 ^ 0 = [0.98810625]
    float x2[] = { 1, 0 };
    net.setInput(cv::Mat(1, 2, CV_32F, x2), "dense_input");
    std::cout << "1 ^ 0 = " << net.forward("dense_4/Sigmoid") << std::endl;

    // 1 ^ 1 = [0.010002014]
    float x3[] = { 1, 1 };
    net.setInput(cv::Mat(1, 2, CV_32F, x3), "dense_input");
    std::cout << "1 ^ 1 = " << net.forward("dense_4/Sigmoid") << std::endl;

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Keras本身不包括将TensorFlow图导出为协议缓冲区文件的任何方法，但是您可以使用常规TensorFlow实用程序来实现。 这是一篇博客文章，解释了如何使用TensorFlow中包含的实用程序脚本freeze_graph.py进行此操作，这是完成操作的“典型”方法。

但是，我个人觉得必须创建一个检查点，然后运行一个外部脚本来获取模型，但是我更喜欢从我自己的Python代码中执行此操作，所以我使用了这样的函数：

def freeze_session(session, keep_var_names=None, output_names=None, clear_devices=True):
    """
    Freezes the state of a session into a pruned computation graph.

    Creates a new computation graph where variable nodes are replaced by
    constants taking their current value in the session. The new graph will be
    pruned so subgraphs that are not necessary to compute the requested
    outputs are removed.
    @param session The TensorFlow session to be frozen.
    @param keep_var_names A list of variable names that should not be frozen,
                          or None to freeze all the variables in the graph.
    @param output_names Names of the relevant graph outputs.
    @param clear_devices Remove the device directives from the graph for better portability.
    @return The frozen graph definition.
    """
    graph = session.graph
    with graph.as_default():
        freeze_var_names = list(set(v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()).difference(keep_var_names or []))
        output_names = output_names or []
        output_names += [v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()]
        input_graph_def = graph.as_graph_def()
        if clear_devices:
            for node in input_graph_def.node:
                node.device = ""
        frozen_graph = tf.graph_util.convert_variables_to_constants(
            session, input_graph_def, output_names, freeze_var_names)
        return frozen_graph

这是对freeze_graph.py实施的freeze_graph.py 。参数也类似于脚本。 session是TensorFlow会话对象。仅当您要保持某些变量不冻结（例如，对于有状态模型）时才需要keep_var_names ，因此通常不需要。 output_names是包含产生所需输出的操作名称的列表。 clear_devices只是删除任何设备指令以使图形更易于移植。因此，对于具有一个输出的典型Keras model ，您将执行以下操作：

from keras import backend as K

# Create, compile and train model...

frozen_graph = freeze_session(K.get_session(),
                              output_names=[out.op.name for out in model.outputs])

然后，您可以像往常一样使用tf.train.write_graph将图形写入文件：

tf.train.write_graph(frozen_graph, "some_directory", "my_model.pb", as_text=False)