这是有关findNonZero()如何保存非零元素的说明。以下代码对于访问二进制图像的非零坐标应该很有用。方法1在OpenCV中使用findNonZero() ，方法2检查每个像素以找到非零（正）像素。

方法1：

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    Mat img = imread("binary image");
    Mat nonZeroCoordinates;
    findNonZero(img, nonZeroCoordinates);
    for (int i = 0; i < nonZeroCoordinates.total(); i++ ) {
        cout << "Zero#" << i << ": " << nonZeroCoordinates.at<Point>(i).x << ", " << nonZeroCoordinates.at<Point>(i).y << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

方法2：

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    Mat img = imread("binary image");
    for (int i = 0; i < img.cols; i++ ) {
        for (int j = 0; j < img.rows; j++) {
            if (img.at<uchar>(j, i) > 0) {  
                cout << i << ", " << j << endl;     // Do your operations
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

OpenCV 2.4.3提供了以下源代码，这可能会有所帮助：

#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <vector>

/*! @brief find non-zero elements in a Matrix
 *
 * Given a binary matrix (likely returned from a comparison
 * operation such as compare(), >, ==, etc, return all of
 * the non-zero indices as a std::vector<cv::Point> (x,y)
 *
 * This function aims to replicate the functionality of
 * Matlab's command of the same name
 *
 * Example:
 * \code
 *  // find the edges in an image
 *  Mat edges, thresh;
 *  sobel(image, edges);
 *  // theshold the edges
 *  thresh = edges > 0.1;
 *  // find the non-zero components so we can do something useful with them later
 *  vector<Point> idx;
 *  find(thresh, idx);
 * \endcode
 *
 * @param binary the input image (type CV_8UC1)
 * @param idx the output vector of Points corresponding to non-zero indices in the input
 */
void find(const cv::Mat& binary, std::vector<cv::Point> &idx) {

    assert(binary.cols > 0 && binary.rows > 0 && binary.channels() == 1 && binary.depth() == CV_8U);
    const int M = binary.rows;
    const int N = binary.cols;
    for (int m = 0; m < M; ++m) {
        const char* bin_ptr = binary.ptr<char>(m);
        for (int n = 0; n < N; ++n) {
            if (bin_ptr[n] > 0) idx.push_back(cv::Point(n,m));
        }
    }
}

注意-看起来函数签名是错误的，因此我将输出vector更改为按引用传递。